Ohio 4-H Youth Development
OSU Extension

Youth Developmental Needs

What Should You Know About 4-H Members?

You should have a basic understanding of the ages and stages of youth development to plan appropriate educational programs and activities for 4-H members. Make sure your 4-H game plan includes activities to meet your member’s needs of physical activity, competence and achievement, self-definition, creative expression, positive social interaction, and meaningful participation with clear limits.

Coach your 4-H players at their respective levels...Sprouting, Budding, Blooming and Thriving 4-H Clovers.

4-H members, who join at age 8 or 9, or even as Cloverbuds, often stay in 4-H longer. However, regardless of when members join, they will likely stay if you meet their interests and developmental needs. Your members will respond differently to activities depending on their age. Be a good listener and club observer to spot members who need additional support, a shot of self-confidence, or a nudge to take on a new challenge or leadership role. Learn more about the differences youth experience physically, emotionally, intellectually and socially at various age levels. Use the Ages and Stages of Youth resources to sharpen your coaching skills in working with youth of all ages.

How Can You Maximize Member’s Abilities?

Use these tips to help members reach personal goals and maximize your club experiences for each member’s age.

Head for Clearer Thinking

5 to 8 Year Olds – Cloverbuds

  • Provide short fast-pace activities 5 to 15 minutes led by adult or teen volunteers.
  • Allow members to work together and share.
  • Focus on the hands-on learning, not the finished product.
  • Conduct activities that use the five senses.
  • Offer time for members to play together and develop friendships.
Heart for Greater Loyalty

9 to 12 Year Olds – Beginning 4-H Project Years

  • Set limits so members are able to finish what they start.
  • Guide project selection matching member’s skills, interests and abilities.
  • Work with members in pairs or small groups to enhance project learning experiences.
  • Conduct active, fast-pace meetings, activities and project work.
  • Reassure members, praise progress not just completion and celebrate successes. 
Hands for Larger Service

12 to 14 Year Olds – T’ween 4-H Years

  • Set few rules, but be firm.
  • Provide opportunities for members to show their special skills and talents. 
  • Allow young teens to help direct group work.
  • Help members improve, have heart-to-heart talks to boost member self-esteem.
  • Include recreation and social time during club meetings.
  • Praise progress and completion towards personal goals.
Health for Better Living

15 to 18 Year Olds – The 4-H Teens

  • Allow teens to help younger and/or less experienced members.
  • Use teens’ skills to carry out club events and activities.
  • Offer leadership opportunities that enable teens to self-direct club activities. 
  • Provide recreational and educational experiences in mixed groups.
  • Encourage teens to apply for leadership experiences beyond the club level.
  • Give career guidance and help teens to develop good judgment and decision-making skills.

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